Excitation spectra of one-dimensional spin-1/2 Fermi gas with an attraction

Using an exact Bethe ansatz solution, we rigorously study excitation spectra of the spin-1/2 Fermi gas (called Yang–Gaudin model) with an attractive interaction. Elementary excitations of this model involve particle-hole excitation, hole excitation and adding particles in the Fermi seas of pairs and unpaired fermions. The gapped magnon excitations in the spin sector show a ferromagnetic coupling to the Fermi sea of the single fermions. By numerically and analytically solving the Bethe ansatz equations and the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equations of this model, we obtain excitation energies for various polarizations in the phase of the Fulde–Ferrell–Larkin–Ovchinnikov-like state. For a small momentum (long-wavelength limit) and in the strong interaction regime, we analytically obtained their linear dispersions with curvature corrections, effective masses as well as velocities in particle-hole excitations of pairs and unpaired fermions. Such a type of particle-hole excitations display a novel separation of collective motions of bosonic modes within paired and unpaired fermions. Finally, we also discuss magnon excitations in the spin sector and the application of Bragg spectroscopy for testing such separated charge excitation modes of pairs and single fermions.     

Coherent control of spin tunneling in a driven spin–orbit coupled bosonic triple well

We investigate the coherent control of spin tunneling for a spin–orbit (SO) coupled boson trapped in a driven triple well. In the high-frequency limit, the quasienergies of the system are obtained analytically and the fine energy band structures are shown. By regulating the driving parameters, we reveal that the directed spin-flipping or spin-conserving tunneling of an SO-coupled boson occurs along different pathways and in different directions. The analytical results are demonstrated by numerical simulations and good agreements are found. Further, an interesting scheme of quantum spin tunneling switch with or without spin-flipping is presented. The results may have potential applications in the design of spintronic devices.     

均质细直杆在光滑半圆槽内运动的研究

光滑半圆槽放置在光滑水平地面上,均质细直杆在半圆槽内运动,因其具有角速度而不同于小球在光滑半圆槽内的运动.运用动量守恒和机械能守恒求解或运用理论力学和微积分相关知识从系统运动的瞬时状态求解,可以推导出均质细直杆的角速度.基于MATLAB的数值模拟表明,系统做周期运动,且随着半圆槽与均质细直杆质量比的增大,运动周期增大并收敛.     

Kr/Xe气体在塑料闪烁体表面的吸附与扩散行为研究

采用基于Compass力场的分子动力学(MD)方法,研究了惰性气体氙(Xe)和氪(Kr)在塑料闪烁体(聚乙烯基对甲苯)的平整和粗糙表面的吸附和扩散行为.由惰性气体吸附曲线的均方根位移(MSD),得到了Xe/Kr气体在聚乙烯基对甲苯表面的扩散系数.研究结果表明,Kr/Xe气体均被稳定地吸附在塑料闪烁体表面,其稳定性随着温度的升高而增加,Xe分子的吸附性强于Kr分子. Kr/Xe气体在聚乙烯基对甲苯表面具有较强的扩散性能,扩散深度随着温度与厚度的增加而增加,最大为22.865?,Kr分子扩散能力强于Xe分子.基底粗糙表面增加了两种惰性气体分子的吸附和扩散.     

密度泛函理论研究草甘膦在纯的, 金属原子掺杂石墨烯表面的吸附机理

本研究采用密度泛函理论方法详细讨论了纯的石墨烯及Ti, Fe, Al, Ca原子掺杂石墨烯吸附草甘膦的机理.通过它们之间的吸附能,差分电荷密度,布居电荷,态密度分析发现草甘膦可以被纯的石墨烯及金属原子掺杂石墨烯不同程度地吸附.纯的石墨烯对草甘膦的吸附作用远不及掺杂石墨烯,其中,草甘膦在Ca掺杂石墨烯表面有最强相互作用.这是因为草甘膦与纯的石墨烯之间主要形成了-P=O…π,-COOH…π和-OH…π非共价的相互作用,而与掺杂石墨烯之间主要形成了Metal-O“单齿”和O-Metal-O“双齿”共价相互作用.本研究结果希冀为石墨烯在环境保护方面的应用提供有价值的理论指导.     

葛根素与乙酰胆碱酯酶作用的分子动力学模拟

旨在阐明葛根素与乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)的分子作用机制,并为基于葛根素的类似物的AChE抑制剂的研发提供参考.运用AutoDock 4.2进行葛根素与AChE的分子对接,采用YASARA进行分子动力学模拟,利用MMPBSA.py模块计算复合体系的结合自由能,分析氨基酸的能量贡献.结果显示,葛根素与AChE对接体系含有4个氢键,2个π-π键. 5 ns后,体系均方根偏差(RMSD)趋于平衡,体系结合自由能为-18.19 kcal/mol.促体系结合的主要作用力是范德华力、静电作用力,非溶剂化能是主要的结合阻力.能量贡献最大的残基依次为Asn533、Lys530、Ala534、Pro529.这些研究为新型抑制剂的研发提供理论参考.     

R1234yf在直线压缩机中替代R134a的实验研究

汽车空调系统中使用较多的制冷剂是R134a,但其GWP(全球变暖潜能值)高达1300,R1234yf作为一种新型制冷剂,其GWP仅为4,且具有与R134a相似的热力学性质。基于动磁式无油直线压缩机对R1234yf和R134a两种制冷剂的性能进行了试验分析,结果表明,当换热器温度分别为-3℃(蒸发器)、40℃(冷凝器)时,R1234yf和R134a的冷却能力分别为92 W和117 W;在冷凝器温度为50℃时,R1234yf的冷却性能与R134a几乎相同。验证了R1234yf替代R134a的可行性。     

大孔径宽光谱变焦镜头设计北大核心CSCD

在高压电线运输电力过程中容易发生电晕放电现象,存在安全隐患,因此,进行电晕放电的检测十分必要。利用日盲紫外镜头进行电晕检测是检测手段之一。基于Zemax多重组态功能设计了一款大孔径宽光谱变焦镜头,目的是配合变焦范围为90 mm~165 mm变焦距紫外镜头应用,可在电晕放电信号检测时,全天候、快速准确找出损坏线路的位置。该镜头采用4组元、近对称结构型式,F数为1.4,可变焦范围在30 mm~55 mm,工作光谱波段为400 nm~850 nm,空间频率100 lp/mm处全视场MTF≥0.4,最大畸变≤±3%,均采用标准球面设计,系统总长为110 mm,适用于0.847 cm(1/3英寸)CCD,能较好地矫正各类像差,满足各零件基本加工工艺要求。     

Determination of the surface states from the ultrafast electronic states in a thermoelectric material

We reveal the electronic structure in Yb Cd₂Sb₂,a thermoelectric material,by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy(ARPES)and time-resolved ARPES(tr ARPES).Specifically,three bulk bands at the vicinity of the Fermi level are evidenced near the Brillouin zone center,consistent with the density functional theory(DFT)calculation.It is interesting that the spin-unpolarized bulk bands respond unexpectedly to right-and left-handed circularly polarized probe.In addition,a hole band of surface states,which is not sensitive to the polarization of the probe beam and is not expected from the DFT calculation,is identified.We find that the non-equilibrium quasiparticle recovery rate is much smaller in the surface states than that of the bulk states.Our results demonstrate that the surface states can be distinguished from the bulk ones from a view of time scale in the nonequilibrium physics.     

Parameter estimation of continuous variable quantum key distribution system via artificial neural networks

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution(CVQKD)allows legitimate parties to extract and exchange secret keys.However,the tradeoff between the secret key rate and the accuracy of parameter estimation still around the present CVQKD system.In this paper,we suggest an approach for parameter estimation of the CVQKD system via artificial neural networks(ANN),which can be merged in post-processing with less additional devices.The ANN-based training scheme,enables key prediction without exposing any raw key.Experimental results show that the error between the predicted values and the true ones is in a reasonable range.The CVQKD system can be improved in terms of the secret key rate and the parameter estimation,which involves less additional devices than the traditional CVQKD system.